scala

The semantics of a dependency resolver determine the concrete classpath based on the user-specified dependency constraints. Typically the differences in the details manifest as different way the version conflicts are resolved.

• Maven uses nearest-wins strategy, which could downgrade transitive dependencies
• Ivy uses latest-wins strategy
• Coursier generally uses latest-wins strategy, but it's tries to enforce version range strictly
• Ivy's version range handling goes to the Internet, which makes the build non-repeatable
• Coursier orders version string completely differently from Ivy

• Expecty 0.12.0
• Expecty 0.13.0

This is a second post on installing your own JDKs on Travis CI. Previously I've written about jabba.

Today, let's look at SDKMAN!, an environment manager written by Marco Vermeulen (@marc0der) for JDKs and various tools on JVM, including Groovy, Spark, sbt, etc.

AdoptOpenJDK 11 and 8

Update 2020-09-23: Updated the regex of version number.

Over the holiday break I've implemented left TOC for Pamflet, and released it as Pamflet 0.8.0.

Here's how functional DSL looks like in scopt 4:

import scopt.OParser
val builder = OParser.builder[Config]
val parser1 = {
  import builder._
  OParser.sequence(
    programName("scopt"),
    head("scopt", "4.x"),
    // option -f, --foo
    opt[Int]('f', "foo")
      .action((x, c) => c.copy(foo = x))
      .text("foo is an integer property"),
    // more options here...
  )
}
 
// OParser.parse returns Option[Config]
OParser.parse(parser1, args, Config()) match {
  case Some(config) =>
    // do something
  case _ =>
    // arguments are bad, error message will have been displayed
}

Instead of calling methods on OptionParser, the functional DSL first creates a builder based on your specific Config datatype, and calls opt[A](...) functions that returns OParser[A, Config].

These OParser[A, Config] parsers can be composed using OParser.sequence(...).

As of Scala 2.13.0-M5, it's planned that scala.Seq will change from scala.collection.Seq to scala.collection.immutable.Seq. Scala 2.13 collections rework explains a bit about why it's been non-immutable historically. Between the lines, I think it's saying that we should celebrate that scala.Seq will now be immutable out of the box.

Defaulting to immutable sequence would be good for apps and fresh code. The situation is a bit more complicated for library authors.

• If you have a cross-built library, and
• if your users are using your library from multiple Scala versions
• and your users are using Array(...)

this change to immutable Seq could be a breaking change to your API.

This post was coauthored by Eugene Yokota and Yifan Xing.

We need to change the culture around tech conferences to improve the inclusion of women (and people from other backgrounds too!). For that, there needs to be clear signaling and communication about two basic issues:

1. No, it's not ok to hit on women at a conference.
2. Assume technical competence, and treat women as professional peers.

These points should be communicated over and over at each conference before the keynote takes place, and before socializing hours.

Compile, or compile not. There's no warning. Two of my favorite Scala compiler flags lately are "-Xlint" and "-Xfatal-warnings".
Here is an example setting that can be used with subprojects:

ThisBuild / organization := "com.example"
ThisBuild / version      := "0.1.0-SNAPSHOT"
ThisBuild / scalaVersion := "2.12.6"
 
lazy val commonSettings = List(
  scalacOptions ++= Seq(
    "-encoding", "utf8",
    "-deprecation",
    "-unchecked",
    "-Xlint",
    "-feature",
    "-language:existentials",

Whether you want to try using OpenJDK 11-ea, GraalVM, Eclipse OpenJ9, or you are stuck needing to build using OpenJDK 6, jabba has got it all. jabba is a cross-platform Java version manager written by Stanley Shyiko (@shyiko).

AdoptOpenJDK 8 and 11

Here's how we can use jabba on Travis CI to cross build using AdoptOpenJDK 8 and 11:

sudo: false
dist: trusty
group: stable
 
language: scala
 
scala:
  - 2.12.7
 
env:
  global:
    - JABBA_HOME=/home/travis/.jabba
 
matrix:

I wanted give Expecty a try, so I forked the repo to eed3si9n/expecty, added sbt build, patched up the code so it works with 2.10, 2.11, 2.12, and 2.13.0-M4, sent a few pull requests upstream, changed the package name, and published my fork to Maven Central:

libraryDependencies += "com.eed3si9n.expecty" %% "expecty" % "0.11.0" % Test

and for Scala.JS and Scala Native:

libraryDependencies += "com.eed3si9n.expecty" %%% "expecty" % "0.11.0" % Test

Here's how we can use this:

scala> import com.eed3si9n.expecty.Expecty.assert
import com.eed3si9n.expecty.Expecty.assert
 
scala> assert(a * b == 7)
java.lang.AssertionError:
 
assert(a * b == 7)
       | | | |
       1 3 3 false
 
  at com.eed3si9n.expecty.Expecty$ExpectyListener.expressionRecorded(Expecty.scala:25)
  at com.eed3si9n.expecty.RecorderRuntime.recordExpression(RecorderRuntime.scala:34)
  ... 38 elide

As you can see, you get a nicer error message automatically.